Transformational leadership and organizational culture of Islamic boarding school mediated by employee engagement
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v13i5.3454Keywords:
Transformational leadership, organizational culture, employee engagement, employee performanceAbstract
This study examines the effect of transformational leadership and organizational culture on employee performance in teachers of formal boarding schools in Bangkalan, Madura through the mediation of employee engagement. This research was conducted at three boarding schools in Bangkalan, Madura. This research uses saturated sampling. Primary data were obtained by distributing questionnaires to 89 teaching staff. Data analysis used the Least Square partial structural equation model (SEM-PLS) with the Smart-PLS 3.0 application. The results showed that transformational leadership and organizational culture have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. This study also found that employee engagement is able to partially mediate the effect of transformational leadership on employee performance. Employee engagement also acts as a partial mediation on the effect of organizational culture on employee performance. Based on these findings, it is necessary to pay attention and optimize the practice of transformational leadership style and organizational culture continuously to be able to improve employee performance.
Downloads
References
Afkar, M. N., & Sayekti, A. (2020). Influence of Organizational Culture and Work Motivation on Employee Engagement of Corporate PT Pertamedika IHC. Kinerja, 24(2), 140–155. https://doi.org/10.24002/kinerja.v24i2.2481 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24002/kinerja.v24i2.2481
AlShehhi, N., AlZaabi, F., Alnahhal, M., Sakhrieh, A., & Tabash, M. I. (2021). The effect of organizational culture on the performance of UAE organizations. Cogent Business and Management, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1980934 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1980934
Andriani, S., Kesumawati, N., & Kristiawan, M. (2018). The influence of the transformational leadership and work motivation on teachers performance. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 7(7), 19–29.
Anitha J. (2014). Determinants of employee engagement and their impact on employee performance. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 63(3), 308–323. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-01-2013-0008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-01-2013-0008
Asrar-ul-Haq, M., & Kuchinke, K. P. (2016). Impact of leadership styles on employees’ attitude towards their leader and performance: Empirical evidence from Pakistani banks. Future Business Journal, 2(1), 54–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbj.2016.05.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbj.2016.05.002
Ayu Puspitas Sari, Syarwani Ahmad, & Helmi Harris. (2021). Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru. Jambura Journal of Educational Management, 2(September), 97–113. https://doi.org/10.37411/jjem.v2i2.642 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37411/jjem.v2i2.642
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2008). Towards a model of work engagement. Career Development International, 13(3), 209–223. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620430810870476 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/13620430810870476
Balwant, P. T., Mohammed, R., & Singh, R. (2020). Transformational leadership and employee engagement in Trinidad’s service sector: The role of job resources. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 15(4), 691–715. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-01-2019-0026 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-01-2019-0026
Brad Shuck, M., Rocco, T. S., & Albornoz, C. A. (2011). Exploring employee engagement from the employee perspective: Implications for HRD. Journal of European Industrial Training, 35(4), 300–325. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090591111128306 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/03090591111128306
Buil, I., Martínez, E., & Matute, J. (2019). Transformational leadership and employee performance: The role of identification, engagement and proactive personality. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 77, 64–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.06.014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.06.014
Cherian, J., Gaikar, V., Paul, R., & Pech, R. (2021). Corporate culture and its impact on employees’ attitude, performance, productivity, and behavior: An investigative analysis from selected organizations of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7010045 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7010045
Eliyana, A., Ma’arif, S., & Muzakki. (2019). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment effect in the transformational leadership towards employee performance. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 25(3), 144–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2019.05.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2019.05.001
Hasan, H., Astuti, S., Tri, W. A., & Iqbal, M. (2020). Impact of Organizational Culture on Employee Engagement and Employee Performance: A Stimuli-Organism-Response Approach. Wacana, 23(4), 235–247.
Hatidja, S., Abubakar, H., Hernita, H., Arya, G., Arimbawa, P., Halim, A., & Kusuma Putra, P. (2022). The Effect of Organizational Citizens’ Behavior (OCB), Competence, and Organizational Culture on Performance: Employee Satisfaction as Mediating Variable. International Journal Of Artificial Intelegence Research, 6(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.29099/ijair.v6i1.2.611
Hutasuhut, E. (2018). Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi, Kepemimpinan Transformasional Terhadap Kinerja Guru BK SMA Kota Medan. Psikologi Konseling, 12(1), 161–172. https://doi.org/10.24114/konseling.v12i1.12184 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24114/konseling.v12i1.12184
Iing. (2021). Problem dan tantangan lembaga pendidikan pondok pesantren salaf dan modern. Bestari, 18(2), 165–180. https://doi.org/10.36667/bestari.v18i2.946
Ismail, H. N., Iqbal, A., & Nasr, L. (2019). Employee engagement and job performance in Lebanon: the mediating role of creativity. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 68(3), 506–523. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-02-2018-0052 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-02-2018-0052
Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692–724. https://doi.org/10.5465/256287 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/256287
Kamar, K., Novitasari, D., Asbari, M., Winanti, W., & Goestjahjanti, F. S. (2020). Enhancing Employee Performance During the Covid-19 Pandemic: the Role of Readiness for Change Mentality. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen, 11(2), 154–166. https://doi.org/10.15294/jdm.v11i2.25279 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/jdm.v11i2.25279
Kholifah, A. (2022). Strategi Pendidikan Pesantren Menjawab Tantangan Sosial di Era Digital. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(3), 4967–4978. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i3.2811 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i3.2811
Lee, C. C., Yeh, W. C., Yu, Z., & Lin, X. C. (2023). The relationships between leader emotional intelligence, transformational leadership, and transactional leadership and job performance: A mediator model of trust. Heliyon, 9(8). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18007
Milhem, M., Muda, H., & Ahmed, K. (2019). The Effect of Perceived Transformational Leadership Style on Employee Engagement: The Mediating Effect of Leader’s Emotional Intelligence. Foundations of Management, 11(1), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2019-0003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2019-0003
Nguyen, D. L. (2020). Mediating the role of psychological empowerment between transformational leadership and employee engagement. Management Science Letters, 10(16), 4039–4044. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2020.7.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2020.7.005
Nguyen, N. P., Hang, N. T. T., Hiep, N., & Flynn, O. (2023). Does transformational leadership influence organisational culture and organisational performance: Empirical evidence from an emerging country. IIMB Management Review, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iimb.2023.10.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iimb.2023.10.001
Paais, M., & Pattiruhu, J. R. (2020). Effect of Motivation, Leadership, and Organizational Culture on Satisfaction and Employee Performance. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(8), 577–588. https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2020.VOL7.NO8.577 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no8.577
Paramita, E., Lumbanraja, P., & Absah, Y. (2020). The Influence of Organizational Culture and Organizational Commitment on Employee Performance and Job Satisfaction as a Moderating Variable at PT. Bank Mandiri (Persero), Tbk. International Journal of Research and Review (Ijrrjournal.Com), 7(March), 3.
Prabowo, T. S., Noermijati, N., & Irawanto, D. W. (2018). the Influence of Transformational Leadership and Work Motivation on Employee Performance Mediated By Job Satisfaction. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 16(1), 171–178. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2018.016.01.20 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2018.016.01.20
Pulungan, A. (2020). Pesantren Musthafawiyah Purbabaru Mandailing Pesantren Terbesar di Sumatera Utara Berdiri Tahun 1912. In Perdana Publishing.
Purwanto, A., Pramono, R., Asbari, M., Senjaya, P., Hadi, A. H., & Andriyani, Y. (2020). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan terhadap Kinerja Guru Sekolah Dasar dengan Keterlibatan Kerja dan Budaya Organisasi sebagai Mediator. EduPsyCouns: Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 50–63.
Putriana, L., Wibowo, Umar, H., & Riady, H. (2015). The Impact of Organizational Culture On Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment And Job Performance?: Study on Japanese Motorcycle Companies in Indonesia. International Journal of Education and Research, 3(9), 103–114. http://ijern.com/journal/2015/September-2015/09.pdf
Qalati, S. A., Zafar, Z., Fan, M., Sánchez Limón, M. L., & Khaskheli, M. B. (2022). Employee performance under transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior: A mediated model. Heliyon, 8(11). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11374 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11374
Rita, M., Randa Payangan, O., Rante, Y., Tuhumena, R., & Erari, A. (2018). Moderating effect of organizational citizenship behavior on the effect of organizational commitment, transformational leadership and work motivation on employee performance. International Journal of Law and Management, 60(4), 953–964. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-03-2017-0026 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-03-2017-0026
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2019). Organizational Behavior, Eighteenth Edition, Global Edition. In Malaysia: Printed and bound by Vivar.
Schein, E. H. (2004). Organizational Culture and Leadership Third Edition. In San Francisco: JosseyBass Publishers. https://doi.org/10.12968/indn.2006.1.4.73618 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12968/indn.2006.1.4.73618
Sendawula, K., Nakyejwe Kimuli, S., Bananuka, J., & Najjemba Muganga, G. (2018). Training, employee engagement and employee performance: Evidence from Uganda’s health sector. Cogent Business and Management, 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2018.1470891 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2018.1470891
Shahzad, F. (2014). Impact of organizational culture on employees’ job performance: An empirical study of software houses in Pakistan. International Journal of Commerce and Management, 24(3), 219–227. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCoMA-07-2012-0046 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCoMA-07-2012-0046
Wua, I. W. G., Noermijati, N., & Yuniarinto, A. (2022). the Influence of Organizational Culture on the Employee Performance Mediated By Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 20(3). https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2022.020.03.07 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2022.020.03.07
Yanto Yanto dan Irfan Noviandy Aulia. (2021). the Effect of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Culture on Innovative Behavior. International Journal of Education and Social Science Research, 04(03), 306–320. https://doi.org/10.37500/ijessr.2021.4319 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37500/IJESSR.2021.4319
Yeni, A., Wote, V., & Patalatu, J. S. (2019). gautama,+9.+Alice+Yeni+Verawati+Wote+455-461+(1)1. 3(4), 455–461.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Amiruddin, Desi Tri Kurniawati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
For all articles published in IJRBS, copyright is retained by the authors. Articles are licensed under an open access Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license, meaning that anyone may download and read the paper for free. In addition, the article may be reused and quoted provided that the original published version is cited. These conditions allow for maximum use and exposure of the work, while ensuring that the authors receive proper credit.